{"product_id":"mexico-state-of-chihuahua-1914-1-peso-dos-caritas-april-1-1915-di-2432","title":"Mexico – State of Chihuahua 1914 1 Peso \"Dos Caritas\" (April 1, 1915 DI) (2431)","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"item-specifics\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"specs-grid\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"spec-pair\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"spec-pair\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"item-description\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description-text\"\u003e\n\u003ch1 data-path-to-node=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eMexico – State of Chihuahua 1914 1 Peso \"Dos Caritas\" (April 1, 1915, Dated Issue)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,0,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eIssuing Authority:\u003c\/b\u003e State of Chihuahua (\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"39\"\u003eEl Estado de Chihuahua\u003c\/i\u003e) under General Francisco \"Pancho\" Villa\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,1,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eDenomination:\u003c\/b\u003e 1 Peso (\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"22\"\u003eUn Peso\u003c\/i\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,2,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eFixed Base Plate Date:\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"23\"\u003e10 de Febrero de 1914\u003c\/b\u003e (Authorized under military decree)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,3,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eActual Stamped Issue\/Validation Date:\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"38\"\u003e\u003ccode data-path-to-node=\"1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"38\"\u003e4-1-15\u003c\/code\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e (April 1, 1915, hand-stamped in red at the center of the reverse)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,4,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eCatalog Reference:\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"19\"\u003ePick # S534 \/ S535\u003c\/b\u003e (Specialized Mexican Revolutionary \/ Chihuahua State emissions)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,5,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eSerial Number:\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"15\"\u003e\u003ccode data-path-to-node=\"1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"15\"\u003e№ 4982431\u003c\/code\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e (Serie A)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,6,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,6,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eFace Portraits:\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"1,6,1\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,6,1,0,0\"\u003eLeft: \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,6,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"6\"\u003eAbraham González\u003c\/b\u003e (Governor of Chihuahua, mentor to Villa, executed 1913)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,6,1,1,0\"\u003eRight: \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,6,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"7\"\u003eFrancisco I. Madero\u003c\/b\u003e (President of Mexico and revolutionary leader, assassinated 1913)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,7,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,7,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eReverse Design \u0026amp; Markings:\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,0,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eVignette:\u003c\/b\u003e The \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"14\"\u003eChihuahua State Government Palace\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"49\"\u003ePalacio de Gobierno\u003c\/i\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,1,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eCenter Datestamp:\u003c\/b\u003e Red ink stamp \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"32\"\u003e\u003ccode data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"32\"\u003e4-1-15\u003c\/code\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,2,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eTreasury Handstamp:\u003c\/b\u003e Red scalloped seal reading \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"47\"\u003e\u003ccode data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"47\"\u003eTesorería General del Estado - Chihuahua\u003c\/code\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,3,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eControl Overprint:\u003c\/b\u003e Red letters \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"31\"\u003e\u003ccode data-path-to-node=\"1,7,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"31\"\u003eY-XMJ\u003c\/code\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e on the left flank\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"3\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"3\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eHistorical Context\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"4\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eThe \"Dos Caritas\" Legacy:\u003c\/b\u003e This is the flagship paper currency of Pancho Villa’s \u003ci data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"80\"\u003eDivisión del Norte\u003c\/i\u003e. Backed by cattle exports and confiscated land revenues, Villa mandated its circulation across northern Mexico on penalty of imprisonment or death for refusal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eThe Spring 1915 Crisis:\u003c\/b\u003e While the engraved plate bears the original February 1914 decree date, counterfeiting had exploded by late 1914. In response, Villa’s treasury required genuine notes to receive dated red handstamps, control codes (\u003ccode data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"238\"\u003eY-XMJ\u003c\/code\u003e), and the official state seal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"4,2,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"4,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eWartime Crossroads:\u003c\/b\u003e The \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"4,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"24\"\u003e\u003ccode data-path-to-node=\"4,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"24\"\u003e4-1-15\u003c\/code\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e date specifically places this note's authentication into circulation during the opening days of April 1915—the very week Villa clashed with Álvaro Obregón at the fateful Battle of Celaya, which broke the military dominance of the \u003ci data-path-to-node=\"4,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"261\"\u003eDivisión del Norte\u003c\/i\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cstyle\u003e\n  .item-specifics, .item-description {font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 16px;}\n  .title {font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0 0 8px 0;}\n  .specs-grid {display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 12px 24px;}\n  .spec-pair {display: grid; grid-template-columns: 120px 1fr; gap: 8px;}\n  .spec-name {font-weight: bold; color: #111;}\n  .spec-value {color: #333;}\n  .description-text {margin-top: 8px; line-height: 1.4; color: #333;}\n\u003c\/style\u003e","brand":"JV Coins \u0026 Currency","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50688624951554,"sku":"v1|168693140853|0","price":24.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0844\/7393\/8178\/files\/s-l1600_97a196e6-1745-4ebf-8cdf-0507627e9478.jpg?v=1791483739","url":"https:\/\/jvcoinscurrency.com\/products\/mexico-state-of-chihuahua-1914-1-peso-dos-caritas-april-1-1915-di-2432","provider":"JV Coins \u0026 Currency","version":"1.0","type":"link"}